Components Of Motherboard
1. Mouse & keyboard:
By employing a converter, you can connect an AT-style keyboard to a PS/2-style connector (or the other way around). Even though PCs only have the AT connector, more recent PCs also have mini-DIN ports that resemble PS/2 for the mouse. Thankfully, the majority of PCs that support mini-DIN for both the keyboard and mouse clearly designate each mini-DIN socket with the appropriate function. Compared to keyboards with a PS/2 connection, certain keyboards feature a USB connection, but these are rather uncommon.
2. USB (Universal Serial Bus):
For PCs, USB serves as the all-purpose connection. Many various gadgets, including mice, keyboards, scanners, cameras, and even printers, are available in USB variants. A USB connector can be identified by its distinctive rectangular shape.
Numerous advantages of USB make it particularly well-liked on PCs. To start, USB devices support hot-swapping. Without having to restart your system, you can add or remove them.
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3. Parallel port:
A unique connector called a parallel port is used by the majority of printers. Unlike serial ports, which employ just one wire, parallel ports transport data over multiple wires. The motherboard natively supports parallel ports via a direct connection or dangling.
4. CPU Chip:
The central processing unit, commonly known as the microprocessor, is responsible for all computations inside a computer. CPUs are available in a range of sizes and forms.
A cooling fan or heat sink is necessary for modern CPUs since they produce a lot of heat. Although some CPU manufacturers sell the CPU with a fan permanently attached, the cooling device (such as a cooling fan) is detachable.
5. RAM slots:
The CPU’s active programs and data are stored in Random-Access Memory (RAM), which has five slots. Bytes are the units used to measure RAM.
6. Floppy controller:
The computer’s motherboard is connected to the floppy drive by a 34-pin ribbon wire. The floppy drive is managed by a floppy controller.
7. IDE controller:
EIDE and SCSI are two popular types of hard drives that are defined by industry standards. EIDE drives are used by most PCs. High-end PCs like network servers or graphical workstations typically use SCSI discs.
8. Peripheral Component Interconnect Bus (PCI) Slot:
Intel invented this protocol. The basic logic of the computer is connected to I/O devices (such as NICs or RAID controllers) through the PCI bus. The PCI bus has taken the place of the ISA bus.
9. ISA slot:
(Industry Standard Architecture) It is the Expansion bus’s typical architecture. There may be ISA-compatible card slots on the motherboard.
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10. CMOS Battery:
Every motherboard includes a battery to supply CMOS with power when the computer is off. There are three different methods that these batteries might attach to the motherboard: the built-in battery, the most popular onboard battery, and the outdated external battery.
11. AGP slot:
If your motherboard is recent, you very likely will notice a single connector that resembles a PCI slot but is shorter and typically brown Most likely, a video card is installed in this slot as well. An Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) slot is present here.
12. CPU slot:
Simply slide the CPU into the slot from the top. It is difficult to install them wrongly because of special notches in the slot. So always keep in mind that if something is difficult, it probably isn’t right.
13. Plug in the power supply:
The power supply, as its name suggests, supplies the electricity required for the computer to run. Standard 110-V AC power is transformed into 12-Volt, 5-Volt, and 3.3-Volt DC power by the power supply.
The following is a list of the six different Motherboard Types:
1. AT Motherboard
These motherboards’ enormous physical dimensions, which can reach hundreds of millimeters, make them inappropriate for PCs in the tiny desktop category. The bigger physical size presents another obstacle to installing new drivers. These motherboards have six-pin plugs and sockets for the power connectors. Because these power connectors are hard to distinguish, users have problems utilizing and connecting to them.
2. Motherboard for ATX
The acronym ATX stands for Advanced Technology Extended. . It is more compact than AT and provides interchangeability for the connected components. The connector-related aspects have seen a noticeable improvement.
3. LPX Motherboard
There were two upgrades from the previous boards. The input and output ports have been moved to the back, and a riser card has been added to make room for more slots and easier connections.
4. BTX Motherboard
BTX stands for Balanced Technology Extended, which aims to manage the demands of modern technologies in terms of higher power needs and consequently higher heat generation. Midway through the 2000s, Intel halted BTX board development to focus on low-power CPUs.
5. Pico BTX motherboard
The term “Pico” describes how small these boards are. The top half of BTX is shared, however, two expansion slots are supported. It contains unusual features like half-height or riser cards and fits the requirements of digital applications.
6. Mini ITX motherboard
Compared to earlier models, it is a miniaturized motherboard. Due to its reduced fan noise, which will raise the caliber of the theatre system, this motherboard is the most popular in the home theatre industry.
Conclusion
The design of a computer is significant because of the variety of digital applications that require them to be incorporated into the machinery, moving vehicles, and other earthly equipment. In the coming days, the motherboard’s nature and size will continue to evolve.
